Apparatus for burning hydrocarbon oils



C. E. CHAPMAN.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING H YDRocARBoN o|Ls.-

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30| 1920.

Patented June 13, 1922.

www@

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

C. E. CHAPMAN.

APPARATUS FoR BURNING HYDROCARBON OILS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30. I92Q.

Iw. l Randme 13, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MW ms tion at which CHARLES E. CHAPMAN, 0F FGRT EDWARD, NEVI .'YRK,

ASSGNOR TGSEPH GOODFELLW, F FORTVED'WAR-D, NEW YGRK.

or one-naar- 'ro- PPARATUS FR BURNING HYDBCARBON DELS.

narrates.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented el une i i922..

Application tiled November 3G, 1920. Serial o. 427,336.

tain new and useful Improvements in Ap l paratus for Burning Hydrocarbon Oils, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for burning hydrocarbon oils and is an improvement in the invention disclosed in my co-pending application Serial No. 365770., filed by me in the United States Patent (lilice March l5, 1920."

in the application above referred to, the apparatus disclosed is so constructed that crude oil and steam are cdmingled and nebulized in a jacketed retort, a portion of the heatedproducts of combustion being circulated through the retort during nebu lization and thus practically excluding air with the result thatthe chemical structure of the oil and steam is broken down into products which resultin an intensely hot flame.

In this present invention the same general principle| of operation is employed, but the apparatus is modified by the use of a refractory lining in the retort' thereby preventlng burning out of the retort under the lnluence of such an intensely hot flame.

Also the apparatus is constructed in such' a manner that the refractory lining may be made in sections and inserted into the retort and bell-mouth during assembly of the apparatus.

@thermodilications from the original invention will appear in the followingv descriptime the advantages resulting therefrom will be enumerated.

lnthe drawings:

Figure l is a longitudinal section in a vertical plane through the apparatus of the present l invention.

Figure 2 is 'a front elevation.

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section on the line 3 3 of Figure l.

In detail:

' The apparatus is adaptable for use as a burner Jfor crude oils and the like in fur' naces. core ovens. enameling` ovens, or in any location where intensely high heat is required.

The a uparatus consists of a shell-like body 2 o substantiallycylindrical form and having feet 3. Att-the rear end the said cylindrical body 2 is closed by a back plate l suitably held in place by bolts 5 and nuts 6, said bolts passing through the peripheral flange 7 of the cylindrical body 2.

At the forward portion of the cylindrical y body 2, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2, there is formed a projection@ havinga curved face adapted to receive the body portion of the retort tube 9 With its overlying refractory covering 9a which is of tubular form and slips over the retort tube 9 in i the manner hereinafter described. Bolts l0 extend through the projection 8 and into the outer Wall 9 of the ,retort tube for supporting the retort tube in position.

The retort tube 9 drical Walls l() ing fluid space l2 therebetween. end of the retort tube 9 cated at 13 to connect with a flange M on the 'bell-mouth 15 held thereto by the bolts 16 and nuts 1'?. The bell-mouth has a curved throat as indicated at 18 and is split longitudinally-and flanged on each side of each half as indicated at 19, the tvvo halves being secured together by bolts 20. Previous to assembling the two halves a refractory liner 2l having identically the shape of the inner surface of the bell-mouth and its eomple mentary throat is inserted between the halves and is thus held by the bolting of the halves together.

A tubular member 22 of refractory material is inserted on the interior of the retort tube 9 and' is provided with an enlar ed nebuliaing chamber entrance 23 by reducing the thiclniess of the wall of the said member 22. ln this member 22 is formed an opening 24 which is concentric with a. smaller but similar opening25 through the bottom of is flanged as indithe retort tube 9 and Which receives a thimble 26 of refractory material, the dange 27 of which rests on the Wall of the retort tube While the body portion projects downwardly through the retort tube and its refractory cover 9a. A head piece 28 also of refractory material is inserted in the end ot the retort tube Aand held in place which is secured to the retort tube 9 by screws 30 or other suitable means. Both the head piece 28 and plate 29 are cent-rally apertured to receive the injector tube 31 having the nozzle 32 and which at its head end is provided with a Harige 33 resting against by the end plate 29V comprises spaced cylinand ll thus providing a e001-,Y The rear loo lio

the end plate 29 and secured in pla-ce by the face plate 34 secured to theI end plate 29 by bolts 35 and having a flange 36 which rests in a counter bore in a refractory head 37 thus completely enclosing the exterior of the retort tube 9 in a casing of refractory matevrial up to the point Where the covering 9a 'endsf At the forward end of the cylindrical body 2 and extending inwardly thereof as far as the bell-mouth 15 and'lying closely against the wall of the said body 2 is a. lining of refractory material as indicated at 38 and upon which, at the forward end of the apparatus is located the superheater 39 of semicircular form in cross-section and having the reduced receiving edge 40 pointed toward the bell-mouth 15.

Cooling water for the jacket 12 is led in by the pipe 41 at the rear end of the retort tube 9 and is taken off by the pipe 42 on the side as clearly shown in Figure 3.

Steam from a suitable steam generator is led into the superheater through a pipe 43 and is superheated by the flame playing upon the superheater and leaves the said superheater by a pipe 44 having flanged connection as at 45 with a pipe 46 leading to a cross T 47 into the oppositeside of which crude oil is fed by a pipe 48. At right angles to these pipes 46 and 48 is a nipple connection 49 with the said cross T 47 which connects the head 50 of a mixing chamber 51 with the steam and oil supply, the other end yof the mixing chamber being closed by a similar head 52 connected by` an elbow 53 and flange joint 54 with the nozzle tube for feeding the (3o-mingled oil and steam to the nozzle. Within the mixing chamber 51 are the two conical perforate-ballles 55 which point toward the nozzle tube and serve to finely divide the oil and steam and are of special advantage in initially starting the burner at which time the crude oil is in more or less of a coagulated condition and is only acted upon by steam entering through the connectlon 56 which is connected with a. steam generator but not a superheater and is used for starting purposes only, said connection having a valveV 57 for shutting off the supply of steam from this source as soon as the burner is started.

It is to be noted that the perforate baffles 55 are supported on shoulders 58 having conical seats and are thus capable of removal by simply unscrewing the head 50 of the mixing chamber.

1n operation, the burner is started b opening the valve 57 which thus permits 011 and steam to co-mingle in the mixing chamber 51. The burner is then lighted at the nozzle or bellmouth 15 and the flame plays on the superheater 39 superheating the steam which is fed thereto and the valve 57 is then shut o' and the superheated steam and oil are thus ermitted to co-mingle in the chamber 51. Vhen this is done the llame from the burner undergoes a complete change in physical characteristics, the flame which was of a` reddish hue when using steam which was not superheated first becomes blue and then turns to a bluish pink of intense heat.

I claim:

1. The herein described apparatus for bur'ning fuel oils, comprising a cylindrical jacketed retort chamber provided with a\discharge horn having a bellmouth, said horn being split longitudinally, means securing the horn parts together, a refractory cylinder fitting-the retort chamberproviding a lining therefor, a sectional refractory lining having the sections thereof clamped in assembled relation between the parts of the said horn fitting the horn, a steam superheater located approximate the bell-mouth "and receiving the discharge therefrom, an oil supply including nebulizing means discharging into the retort chamber, and means connecting the oil' supply with the steam supply from the superheater. l 2. The herein described apparatus for burning fuel oils, comprising a water acketed retort chamber provided `with a discharge horn having a bell-mouth, said horn being split longitudinally, means securing the horn parts together, a refractory lining for the retort chamber, a refractory lining assembled between the parts of the said horn, a cover of refractory material enclosing the jacket'ed retort chamber, a steam superheater located approximate the bell-mouth and receiving`the discharge therefrom, an oil supply including nebulizing means discharging into the retort chamber, and means connecting the oil supply with the steam supply from the superheater.

3. The herein described apparatus for burning fuel oils, comprising a jacketed retort chamber provided with a discharge horn having a bell-mouth, a steam superheater located approximate the bell-mouth and receiving the discharge therefrom, an oil supply including nebulizing means discharging into the retort chamber, a mixing device having perforate conical ballles receiving the 'oil supply, and means connecting the mixing device with the steam supply from the superheater.

4. The herein described apparatus for burning fuel oil, comprising a jacketed retort chamber provided with a discharge horn having a bell-mouth, a refractory lining for the retort chamber, an exterior refractory cover for' said chamber, a refractory lining i lapproximate the mouth of the discharge horn.

5.The herein-described apparatus for relegada burning fuel-oilscomprising a jacketed retort chamber/ provided with a discharge horn having a bell mouth, a hollow arcuate superheater located approximate the bell mouth and receiving the discharge therefrom, an

oil supply including nebulizing means dis? charging into the retort chamber, and means connecting the oil supply with the steam supply from the superheater.

6. The herein described apparatus rfor burning fuel oils, comprising a jacketed-retort chamber provided with a discharge horn having a bell mouth, a hollow arcuate superheater located approximatethe bell mouth to receive the discharge therefrom and-*pro-y reduced receiving end, anloil.l

vided with a supply` including nebulizing means disv@giving the Oil Supply,

"charging into the retort chamber', and means connectingthe oil supply with the steam supply` from the superheater.

7. The herein described apparatus for burning fuel oils, comprising a jacketed retort chamber providedvwith a, discharge horn having a bell mouth, a steam superheater located approximate the bell mouth and receiving the discharge therefrom, an oil supply including nebulizing means discharging into the retort chamber, a vmixing device reand means connecting the mixing device with the steam supply from the superheater.

VIn testimony whereof Iafiix my signature.

CHARLES E. CHAPMAN. [La] 

